QUATERNARY PRINCIPLE,
4 ELEMENTS, DHARMA IN ‘FOUR PUPPETS’ NARRATIVE
Erle Frayne D.
Argonza / Ra
Behind the number 4 is the esoteric knowledge of the
material elements of earth, water, air, fire. The elements characterize the
four (4) material planes, to note: physical, earth element; astral, water
element; mental, air element; and, causal or ‘higher mental’, fire element. The
lower domains or dimensions of reality comprise the Lower Quaternary in the
Septenary Law.
Narratives with the number of 4, such as the Four Puppets
tale from Burma,
are fascinating as they subtly embede the four (4) elements. To recall, among
the early theories of personality goes the 4-Types personality: sanguine,
melancholic, choleric, phlegmatic. Notice the four types representing roughly
four (4) elements, to note: phlegmatic, earth; sanguine, water; melancholic,
air; and, choleric, fire.
Below is a summary of the Four Puppets Tale as an exemplar
of the Number 4 dovetailing into folklore. The denouement of the narrative
stressed on Dharma, which is sacrosanct to Divine Wisdom.
The Four Puppets
A Tale of Burma
Told by Aaron Shepard
Printed in Australia’s
School Magazine, May 2007
Once there
was a puppet maker who had a son named Aung. The father always hoped his son
would grow up to be a puppet maker like himself. But to Aung, such a life was
far from exciting.
“Father,”
said Aung one day, “I’ve decided to leave home and seek my fortune.”
The puppet
maker looked up sadly from his work. “I wish you would stay, my son. The life
of a puppet maker is an honorable one. But if you must go, let me give you
companions for your journey.”
He showed
his son four wooden puppets he had carved, painted, and costumed. “Each
puppet,” he said, “has its own virtue and value.”
The first
puppet was the king of the gods. The puppet maker said, “The god’s virtue is
wisdom.”
The second
puppet was a green-faced ogre. “The ogre’s virtue is strength.”
The third
was a mystic sorcerer. “The sorcerer’s virtue is knowledge.”
The fourth
was a holy hermit. “The hermit’s virtue is goodness.”
He told
his son, “Each of these virtues can help you on your way. But remember,
strength and knowledge must always serve wisdom and goodness.”
Aung
started off the next day. On his shoulder he carried a bamboo pole, with food
and clothing tied at one end, and the puppets hanging by their strings from the
other.
When night
came, Aung found himself deep in the jungle. He stopped beneath a banyan tree.
“This
looks like a good place to sleep,” he said to himself. “But I wonder if it’s
safe.”
Then Aung
had a funny idea. “I think I’ll ask one of the puppets!” He turned with a smile
to the king of the gods. “Tell me, is it safe here?”
To his
amazement, the puppet came alive. It got down from the pole and grew to life
size.
“Aung,”
said the god, “open your eyes and look around you. That is the first step to
wisdom. If you fail to see what is right before you, how easy it will be for
others to misguide you!”
And the
next moment, the puppet was hanging again from the pole.
When Aung
had gotten over his shock, he looked carefully all around the tree. There in
the soft earth were the tracks of a tiger! That night he slept not on the
ground but in the branches above. And he was glad he did, for in the middle of
the night, he saw a tiger come prowling below him.
The next
day took Aung into the mountains, and at sunset he left the road and camped a
little way up the mountainside. When he awoke the next morning, he saw a
caravan coming along the road below. A dozen bullock carts were piled high with
costly goods.
“That
caravan must belong to some rich merchant,” Aung told himself. “I wish I had
wealth like that.”
Then he
had a thought. He turned to the green-faced ogre. “Tell me, how can I gain such
riches?”
Aung
watched in wonder as the puppet left the pole and grew to life size. “If you
have strength,” boomed the ogre, “you can take whatever you like. Watch this!”
He stamped his foot and the earth shook.
“Wait!”
said Aung. But it was too late. Just below them, dirt and rocks broke loose in
a landslide. It rushed down the mountain and blocked the road. The terrified
drivers jumped from their carts and ran off.
“You see?”
said the ogre.
“Is it
really that easy?” said Aung, in a daze.
He hurried
down to the carts and rushed from one to another, gaping at the heaps of rich
fabrics and piles of precious metals. “And all of it’s mine!” he cried.
Just then,
Aung heard a sob. Lying huddled in one of the carts was a lovely young woman
his own age. She cried and shivered in fear.
“I won’t
hurt you,” said Aung gently. “Who are you?”
“My name
is Mala,” she said in a small voice. “My father is the owner of this caravan.
We were on our way to meet him.”
All at
once, Aung knew he was in love. He wanted to keep Mala with him forever. “Don’t
worry,” he said. “I’ll take you with me and care for you.”
Mala sat
up angrily. “Go ahead! Take me, like you’re taking everything else! But you’re
just a thief, and I’ll never, ever speak to you!”
Aung was
shocked. Was he really just a thief? He didn’t know what to say.
The ogre
came up beside him then. “Don’t listen to her. She’ll change her mind—and
anyway, the important thing is you got what you wanted. Now, let’s go.”
The ogre
cleared the road, then helped Aung lead the caravan. That afternoon, they came
out of the mountains, not far from the capital city.
Aung asked
the ogre, “What should I do, now that I have all these riches?”
“Don’t ask
me!” said the ogre. “Ask the sorcerer!”
Aung
turned to the mystic sorcerer. “Can you tell me?”
The puppet
came to life and floated before him, as Mala looked on with wide eyes. “If you
want your wealth to grow,” said the sorcerer, “you must learn the secrets of
nature.”
He tapped
Aung with his red wand, and together they rose high in the air. Looking down,
Aung saw everything in a new way. He could tell what land was best for farming,
and which mountains held gold and silver.
“This is
wonderful!” said Aung. “Just think how I can help people with what I know!”
“Certainly
you could,” said the sorcerer. “But knowledge is power. Why not keep it all for
yourself instead? Isn’t that what other people do?”
“I suppose
so,” said Aung.
So they
came to the capital city. Aung became a merchant, and with the help of the ogre
and the sorcerer, he grew many times richer than at first. He bought a palace
for himself and Mala, and kept the puppets in a special room of their own.
But Aung
was not happy, for Mala still would not speak to him.
One day,
he placed before her a headdress fit for a queen. The heavy gold was set with
dozens of large rubies, sapphires, and emeralds. The magnificent piece had cost
Aung a third of his wealth.
Mala took
one look and pushed it away.
Aung was
heartbroken. He said, “Don’t you know I love you?” But she only glared at him
and said not a word.
The next
morning, Aung went to the puppets’ room and spoke to the ogre and the sorcerer.
“Mala’s father must now be very poor, while I have more than I need. I’ll help
Mala find him so I can pay him for what I took. Maybe then she’ll speak to me,
and even learn to love me.”
“A
terrible idea!” said the ogre. “You should never give up what is yours. You’re
just being weak!”
“Besides,”
the sorcerer told him, “you’re too late. Mala ran away last night.”
“What?”
cried Aung. He rushed through the palace, but Mala was nowhere to be found.
Aung
returned to the puppets’ room in despair. “What good is all my wealth if I’ve
lost what I care for most?”
For once,
the ogre and the sorcerer were silent and still.
Then Aung
remembered there was one puppet he had never called on. He turned to the holy
hermit. “Tell me, why has everything gone wrong?”
The puppet
came to life. “Aung, you imagined that wealth brings happiness. But true
happiness comes only from goodness. What is important is not what you have but
what you do with it.”
The king
of the gods then came to life and stood beside the hermit. “You forgot what
your father told you, Aung. Strength and knowledge are useful, but they must
always serve wisdom and goodness.”
“I won’t
forget again,” said Aung.
From that
day on, Aung used his wealth and his talents to do good. He built a splendid
holy pagoda, and offered food and shelter to those who visited the shrine.
One day
among the visitors, Aung saw a young woman he knew well. An older man stood
beside her, both of them wearing humble clothes.
“Mala!”
cried Aung. He rushed over to the startled young woman and knelt before her
puzzled father.
“Sir, I
have done you great wrong. I beg your forgiveness. All I have is yours, and I
give it up gladly. I will be content to return to my village and make puppets.”
“Father,”
said Mala softly, “this is Aung. But he has changed!”
“So it
would seem!” said her father. “And if so, it would be a shame to let go of a young
man of such talent. Perhaps he would like to work for me, and live with us in
the palace.”
So Aung
became the merchant’s assistant, and before long his partner, and when Mala’s
heart was won, his son-in-law.
As for the
puppets, Aung still called on them as needed. But though he was helped often by
strength and knowledge, he was guided always by wisdom and goodness.
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