RURAL DEVELOPMENT
SHOULD BE TOP PRIORITY WORLDWIDE
Erle Frayne D. Argonza
Good
evening from the Philippines ’
highland suburbs!
For
this note I will focus on the thesis that rural development should be pursued
by developing countries. The world’s nations have pursued growth that has been
badly skewed towards urbanization and commercialization since after World War
II, a total effort that has seen many people become poor as a result. Most of
the poor folks are in rural hinterlands and fisherfolks.
The
Philippines
is a classic case in point that has been direly affected by the badly skewed
development in favor of urbanization, an endeavor that has been fostered at the
expense of rural communities of farmers, fisherfolks, and Indigenous Peoples or
IPs. Today, Philippine population is 66% urban and 34% rural, with 2% added to
urban population every year.
As
urbanization grows, rural poverty likewise grows in my beloved country. Rural
to urban poverty ratio here is 2.5:1 and is still moving up. It was 2.1:1 in
1989, and the situation has been deteriorating ever since. 70% of the country’s
poor families are rural, with only 30% as urban. Very clearly, between the two,
it is rural development that must be pursued with vigor to reverse the poverty
situation in the country as a whole.
To
demonstrate what I mean by skewed development, consider the following
information:
ü
MetroManila
or simply Manila ,
the national capital region (NCR), produces 30% or nearly 1/3 of the nation’s
wealth. Yet it supports merely 12% o3 1/8 of the nation’s population.
ü
As
of end of 2009, Manila
contributed a whopping US $65 Billion to the country’s $186 Billion GDP or
gross domestic product. Using UNDP converter index, Manila ’s
GDP, multiplied by 4, registered an enviable $260 Billion-Purchasing Power
Parity or PPP for 2009, rendering it as wealthy as the whole of Vietnam .
ü
Included
among the world’s 35 most wealthy and powerful mega-cities—comprising the
‘global nexus’—Manila ’s
economy remains at 65% services and 35% industries, with nary a food base worth
documenting. These economic sectors are the highest in value-added, ensuring
high levels of income for all component cities and towns of the mega-city.
ü
Poverty
in Manila has been reduced to a manageable 8%, rendering it on an even much
better situation than the USA’s whose poverty incidence had climbed from 12% in
2002 to 15% today. Manila
has all the resources it needs to solve its own poverty and development
problems, which made it drastically reduce poverty since the 1990s.
ü
Therefore,
Manila should
no longer be subsidized by national government in terms of development
projects, from roads to international airports (Los Angeles & US cities are
building their own airports without federal or state government support). Yet,
as records show, billions of dollars are still being poured by national
government to bankroll gigantic projects here, such as lightrail systems, international
airport expansion, and flood control.
ü
On
top of those national government-initiated projects is Pagcor City ,
a world-class theme park-cum-gaming complex that is costing U.S. $25 Billion
(with private participation). It will employ 250,000 and will house the world’s
tallest tower. It is targeted for completion in 2014.
So,
as you can see from the Philippine case, whereas the mega-city receives
billions of dollars for new projects and urban renewal, the rural areas
continue to wallow in appalling states of abject poverty. Lucky enough if a
region outside Manila
would be appropriated P1 Billion or U.S. $24 Million at any given year from the
pork barrels of Congress.
Fisherfolks
in my country are particularly the most vulnerable to poverty and deleterious
living conditions spawned by it. With poverty incidence at 66%, you could
easily see why past 40% of fisherfolks’ children suffer from advanced
malnutrition. The situation of over-fishing in the entire country compounds the
poverty situation of marginal fisherfolks who can ill afford to equip
themselves with state-of-the art fishing gears to compete with commercial
fishers.
To
say that the Philippines is in a transition phase, and that poverty and
malnutrition will disappear it time as the country reaches development
‘maturity’, is pure delusion. Without active intervention to improve the
capacities and capabilities of fisherfolks, farmers, and IPs, the problem of
poverty will never fade away but will, as a matter of fact, worsen with time.
With
so many rural folks wallowing in cesspools of pauperization, we can at best
watch more rural insurgencies feast upon the resentment-filled minds of the
rural poor. As the Philippine case has shown, past rural insurgencies have
ceased only to be replaced by new, bigger, and more ferocious insurgencies.
[Philippines , 11
August 2010]
[See: IKONOKLAST: http://erleargonza.blogspot.com,
UNLADTAU: http://unladtau.wordpress.com,
COSMICBUHAY: http://cosmicbuhay.blogspot.com,
BRIGHTWORLD: http://erlefraynebrightworld.wordpress.com,
ARTBLOG: http://erleargonza.wordpress.com,
ARGONZAPOEM: http://argonzapoem.blogspot.com]